AMERICANREVOLUTION.ORG

THE ORGANIZATION OF THE BRITISH ARMY IN THEAMERICAN REVOLUTION

Illustrative Appendices to CHAPTER I

A GENERAL SURVEY OF THE BRITISH ARMY AT THE OUTBREAK OF THE REVOLUTION

HOUSEHOLD INFANTRY, 17751

1st Foot Guards . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1,649
2d Foot Guards (Coldstream) . . . 1,058
3d Foot Guards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,058

INFANTRY REGIMENTS OF THE LINE ON THE ENGLISH ESTABLISHMENT, 17752

1st (2d Batt.) (Royal) . . . 477
3d (Buffs) . . . . . . . . . 477
4th (King's Own) . . . 477
5th . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
7th (Royal Fusileers) . . . 477
8th . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
10th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
11th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
12th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
13th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
14th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
16th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
18th (Royal Irish) . . .477
19th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
21st (Royal North British Fusileers) . . . 477
23d (Royal Welsh Fusileers) . . . 477
25th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
26th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
27th (Inniskilling) . . 335
3
29th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
30th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
31st . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
32d . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
36th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
38th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
41st . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482
4
43d . . . . . . . . . . . . . .477
47th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
48th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
50th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
51st . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
52d . . . . . . . . . . . . . .477
56th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
58th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
59th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
60th (2 batt's) (Royal American) . . . 955
64th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
65th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
66th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
67th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
69th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
70th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
O'Hara's Corps . . . . 214
5

INFANTRY REGIMENTS OF THE LINE ON THE IRISH ESTABLISHMENT, 1775

1st (1st Batt.) (Royal) . . . 4776
2d (Queen's Royal) . . . 477
6th . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
9th . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
15th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
17th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
20th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
22d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
24th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
27th (3 cos.) (Inniskilling) . . . 142
7
28th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
33d . . . . . . . . . . . . . .474
34th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
35th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
37th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
40th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
42d (Royal Highland) . . . 474
44th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
45th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
46th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
49th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
53d . . . . . . . . . . . . . .474
54th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
55th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
57th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
61st . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
62d . . . . . . . . . . . . . .474
63d . . . . . . . . . . . . . .474
68th . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474

CAVALRY REGIMENTS ON THE ENGLISH ESTABLISHMENT, 1775

Household

1 Regt. Horse Guards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362
1 Regt. Horse Grenadier Guards . . . . . . . . . . . . .353
1 Royal Regt. Horse Guards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .319

Regiments of the Line

1st Dragoon Guards (The King's) . . . . . . . . . . . .345
Dragoon Guards (The Queen's) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
3d Dragoon Guards (The Prince of Wales's) . . . 231
1st Dragoons (Royal) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
2d Dragoons (Royal North British) . . . . . . . . . . .231
3d Dragoons (King's Own) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .231
4th Dragoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .231
6th Dragoons (Inniskilling) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
7th Dragoons (The Queen's) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .231
10th Dragoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .231
11th Dragoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .231
15th Dragoons (The King's) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .231
16th Dragoons (The Queen's) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .231

CAVALRY REGIMENTS ON THE IRISH ESTABLISHMENT, 1775

1st Horse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
2d Horse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .214
3d Horse (Carabineers) . . . . . . 214
4th Horse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
5th Dragoons (Royal Irish) . . . . 45
8th Dragoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
9th Dragoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
12th Dragoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
13th Dragoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
14th Dragoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
17th Dragoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
18th Dragoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231

 

STAFF OF ENGINEERS IN CANADA, 1776-17788

Major General and Commanding Officer . . . William Phillips
Lieutenant Col . . . Forbes Macbean
Chief Engineer . . . Harry Gordon
Lieutenant of Engineers . . . 7
Adj . . . Molesworth Cleiland
Q.M. . . . Sam'l Rimington
Fire Master . . . Wm. Houghton
Draughtsman . . . Lieut. Chas. Wintersmith
Comm'y and Paymaster . . . Alex'r Shaw
Ass't Comm'y . . . Kenman Chandler
Surgeon . . . Gervas Wylde
Surgeon's Mates . . . 3
Clerks of Stores . . . 4 (number variable)
Carpenters . . . 5
Conductors . . . 12
Comm'y of Horse . . . 1
Ass't to Comm'y of Horse . . . 1
Nurse to Hospital . . . 2
Smiths, Wheelers, Masons, Collar Makers, Miners

STAFF OF ENGINEERS AT NEW YORK, 17749

Commanding Officer of Artillery . . . Samuel Cleaveland
Engineer Extra. and Capt . . . John Montrésor
Engineer in Ord'y . . . 1
Draughtsman . . . 1
Ass't Chaplain . . . 1
Surgeon . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Barrack Master of Albany . . . 1

Commissary and Paymaster . . . 1
Clerks of Stores . . . 2
Conductors . . . 8
Carpenters . . . 4
Wheeler . . . 1
Collar Maker . . . 1
Smiths . . . 3
Cooper . . . 1
Armourer . . . 1
Nurse . . . 1

GENERAL VIEW OF THE FACINGS, &c. OF THE SEVERAL MARCHING REGIMENTS OF FOOT, AS FIXED BY HIS MAJESTY, DECEMBER 19, 176810

Colour of Facings

Rank and Title of the Regiments

Distinctions in the same Colour

If Gold or Silver Hat Lace &c. for the Officers

Colour of the Waistcoats, Breeches, and Lining of the Coats

 Colour of the Lace

 Blue

 1st, or the royal regiment
 

 Gold

 White

White, with a blue double worm

  Blue

 2d, or the Queen's royal regiment
 

 Silver

White

White, with a blue stripe

  Blue

 4th, or the King's own regiment
 

 Silver

White

White, with a blue stripe

  Blue

 7th, or royal fuzileers
 

 Gold

White

White, with a blue stripe

  Blue

 8th, or King's regiment
 

 Gold

White

White, with a blue and yellow stripe

  Blue

 18th, or royal Irish
 

 Gold

White

White, with a blue stripe

  Blue

 21st, or royal North-British fuzileers
 

 Gold

White

White, with a blue stripe

  Blue

 23d, or royal Welch fuzileers
 

 Gold

White

White, with red, blue and yellow stripes

  Blue

 41st, or invalids
 

 Gold

Red

 Plain button-hole

  Blue

 42, or royal Highlanders
 

 Gold

White Waistcoats and lining of coats. No breeches.

 White, with a red stripe

  Blue

 60th, or royal Americans
 

 Silver

White

 White, with two blue stripes

 Yellow

 6th regiment

 Deep Yellow

 Silver

 White

 White, with yellow and red stripes

 Yellow

 9th regiment
 

 Silver

 White

 White, with two black stripes

 Yellow

 10th regiment

 Bright Yellow

 Silver

 White

 White, with a blue stripe

 Yellow

 12th regiment
 

 Gold

 White

 White, with yellow, crimson and black stripes

 Yellow

 13th regiment

 Philemot Yellow

 Silver

 White

 White, with a yellow stripe

 Yellow

 15th regiment
 

 Silver

 White

 White, with a yellow and black worm and red stripe

 Yellow
 16th regiment  

 Silver

 White

 White, with a crimson stripe

 Yellow

 20th regiment

 Pale Yellow

 Silver

 White

 White, with a red and black stripe

 Yellow

 25th regiment

 Deep Yellow

 Gold

 White

 White, with a blue, yellow and red stripe

 Yellow

 26th regiment

 Pale Yellow

 Silver

 White

 White, with one blue, and two yellow stripes

 Yellow

 28th regiment

 Bright Yellow

 Silver

 White

 White, with one yellow and two black stripes

 Yellow

 29th regiment
 

 Silver

 White

 White, with two blue, and one yellow stripe

 Yellow

 30th regiment
 

 Silver

 White

 White, with a sky-blue stripe

 Yellow

 34th regiment
 

 Silver

 White

 White, with a blue and yellow worm, and red stripe

 Yellow

 37th regiment
 

 Silver

 White

 White, with a red and yellow stripe

 Yellow

 38th regiment
 

 Silver

 White

 White, with two red, and one yellow stripes

 Yellow

 44th regiment
 

 Silver

 White

 White, with blue, yellow and black stripes

 Yellow

 46th regiment
 

 Silver

 White

 White, with red and purple worms

 Yellow

 57th regiment
 

 Gold

 White

 White, with a black tripe

 Yellow

 67th regiment

 Pale Yellow

 Silver

 White

 White, with a yellow, purple, and green stripe

 Green

 5th regiment

 Goslin geen

 Silver

 White

 White, with two red stripes

 Green

 11th regiment

 Full green

 Gold

 White

 White, with two red and two green stripes

 Green

 19th regiment

 Deep green

 Gold

 White

 White, with two stripes, red and green

 Green

 24th regiment

 Willow green

 Silver

 White

 White, with one red and one green stripe

 Green

 36th regiment
 

 Gold

 White

 White, with one red and one green stripe

 Green

 39th regiment
 

 Gold

 White

 White, with a light green stripe

 Green

 45th regiment

 Deep green

 Silver

 White

 White, with a green stripe

 Green

 49th regiment

 Full green

 Gold

 White

 White, with two red and one green stripes

 Green

 51st regiment

 Deep green

 Gold

 White

 White, with a green worm stripe

 Green

 54th regiment

 Popinjay green

 Silver

 White

 White, with a green stripe

 Green

 55th regiment

 Dark green

 Gold

 White

 White, with two green stripes

 Green

 63d regiment

 Very deep green

 Silver

 White

 White, with a very small green stripe

 Green

 66th regiment

 Yellowish green

 Gold

 White

 White, with one crimson & green, & one green stripe

 Green

 68th regiment

 Deep green

 Silver

 White

 White, with yellow and black stripes

 Green

 69th regiment

 Willow green

 Gold

 White

 White, with one red and two green stripes

 Buff

 3d reg. or the Buffs
 

 Silver

 Buff

 White, with yellow, black and red stripes

  Buff

 14th regiment
 

 Silver

 Buff

 White, with a blue and red worm, and a buff stripe

  Buff

 22d regiment

 Pale Buff

 Gold

 Pale Buff

 White, with one blue and one red stripe

  Buff

 27th or Innisk. reg.
 

 Gold

 Buff

 White, with one blue and one red stripe

  Buff

 31st regiment
 

 Silver

 Buff

 White, with a blue and yellow worm, & small red stripe

  Buff

 40th regiment
 

 Gold

 Buff

 White, with a red and black stripe

  Buff

 48th regiment
 

 Gold

 Buff

 White, with a black and red stripe

  Buff

 52d regiment
 

 Silver

 Buff

 White, with a red worm, and one orange stripe

  Buff

 61st regiment
 

 Silver

 Buff

 White, with a blue stripe

  Buff

 62d regiment

 Yellowish buff

 Silver

 Yellowish buff

 White, with two blue, and one straw-coloured stripe

 White

 17th regiment

 Grayish white

 Silver

 Grayish white

 White, with two blue and one yellow stripes

 White

 32d regiment
 

 Gold

 White

 White, with a black worm and a black stripe

 White

 43d regiment
 

 Silver

 White

 White, with a red and black stripe

 White

 47th regiment
 

 Silver

 White

 White, with one red and two black stripes

 White

 65th regiment
 

 Silver

 White

 White, with a red and black worm, and a black stripe

 Red

 33d regiment
 

 Silver

 White

 White, with a red stripe in the middle

 Red

 53d regiment
 

 Gold

 White

 White, with a red stripe

 Red

 56th regiment

 Purple

 Silver

 White

 White, with a pink-colour stripe

 Red

 59th regiment

 Purple

 Silver

 White

 White, with

 Black

 50th regiment
 

 Silver

 White

 White, with a red stripe

 Black

 58th regiment
 

 Gold

 White

 White, with a red stripe

 Black

 64th regiment
 

 Gold

 White

 White, with a red and black stripe

 Black

 70th regiment
 

 Gold

 White

 White, with a narrow black worm stripe

 Orange

 35th regiment
 

 Silver

 White

White, with one yellow stripe


DAILY PAY OF EACH RANK IN HIS MAJESTY'S LAND FORCES ON THE BRITISH ESTABLISHMENT
11
 

Royal Reg. of Horse-Guards
F. Pay

Royal Reg. of Horse-Guards
Subsist.

Dragoons
F. Pay

Dragoons
Subsist.

Foot-Guards
F. Pay

Foot-Guards
Subsist.

 Foot
F. Pay
 Foot Subsist.

Colonel and Captain

 £2 1s

 £1 11s

£1 15s

£1 6s 6d

£1 19s

£1 10s

£1 4s

18s

Lieutenant Colonel and Captain

£1 9s 6d

 £1 2s 6d

£1 4s 8d

18s 6d

£1 8s 6d

£1 1s 1d

17s

13s

Major and Captain

 £1 7s

£1 1s 6d

 £1 6d

15s 6d

£1 4s 6d

18s 6d

15s

11s 6d
Captain Lieutenant or Lieutenant

15s

11s 6d

9s

7s

7s 10d

6s

4s 8d

3s 6d

Cornet h. gds. & dr. Ens. f. g. or 2d Lt. f.

14s

11s

8s

6s

5s 10d

4s 6d

3s 8d

3s

Chaplain

6s 8d

5s

6s 8d

5s

6s 8d

5s

6s 8d

5s

Adjutant (Solicitor in foot-guards the same)

5s

4s 6d

5s

4s 6d

4s

3s

4s

3s

 Quarter-Master

8s 6d

6s 6d

5s 6d

4s

4s

3s

4s 8d

3s 6d

 Surgeon

6s

4s 6d

6s

4s 6d

4s

3s

4s

3s

 Surgeon's Mate
       

3s

3s

3s 6d

3s

 Drum-Major
       

1s

1s
   

 Deputy Marshal
       

1s

9d
   

 Serjeant
   

 2s 9d

2s 3d

1s 10d

1s 4 4/7d

1s 6d

1s

 Corporal (Kettle-drum in horse-gds. the same)

3s

2s 6d

2s 3d

1s 9d

1s 2d

10d

1s

8d

 Drummer

3s

2s 6d

2s 3d

1s

1s 2d

8 4/7d

1s

8d

 Trumpeter

2s 8d

2s
           

 Private Man

2s 6d

2s

1s 9d

1s 5d

10d

6 6/7d

8d

6d

Allowance on the Establishment to Colonel

 4s

2s

2s 6d

1s 2d

1s 7 3/4d

6 6/7d

1s 2d

6d

 Allowance on the Establishment to Colonel for Hautbois
   

2s

1s 6d
       

 Allowance on the Establishment to Captain per troop

2s

1s 6d

 Allowance on the Establishment to Captain per company

 4s

4s

 2s 4d

 2s 4d

 1s 1 1/2d

1s 1 5/7d

1s

1s

 Allowance on the Establishment to Agent

2s

2s

1s 2d

1s 2d

6 3/4d

6 6/7d

6d

9d

 

OF THE PAY OF THE ARTILLERY, PER DIEM12
 

 £

 s

 d

 Colonel

2

 4

0

 Lieutenant Colonel

1

 0

0

 Major

0

 15

0

 Captain

0

10

0

 Captain Lieutenant

0

6

0

 First Lieutenant

0

5

0

 Second Lieutenant

0

4

0

 Serjeant

0

2

0

 Corporal

0

1

10

 Bombardier

0

1

8

 Gunner

0

1

4

 Matross

0

1

0

 Drummer

0

1

0

PRICES OF COMMISSIONS, 177613

First and Second Troops of Horse Guards

 Commissions

 Prices

 Differences in value between the several commissions in succession

 First Lieutenant-colonel

 £5,500

£400

 Second Lieutenant-colonel

 £5,100

£800

 Cornet and Major

 £4,300

£200

 Guidon and Major

 £4,100

£1,400

 Exempt and Captain

 £2,700

£1,200

 Brigadier and Lieutenant or Adjutant and Lieutenant

 £1,500

£300

 Sub-Brigadier and Cornet

 £1,200

£1,200
    £5,500 

 

Dragoon Guards and Dragoons

 Commissions

 Prices

 Differences in value between the several commissions in succession

Lieutenant-colonel

 £4,700

 £1,100

Major

 £3,600

 £1,100

 Captain

 £2,500

 £1,100

 Captain-lieutenant

 £1,400

 £250

 Lieutenant

 £1,150

 £150

 Cornet

 £1,000

 £1,000
   

 £4,700

 

Foot Guards

 Commissions

 Prices

 Differences in value between the several commissions in succession

Lieutenant-colonel

 £6,700

 £400

1st Major/2nd Major with rank of Col.

 £6,300

 £2,800

 3rd Major/Captain

 £3,500

 £900

 Captain-lieutenant with rank of Lieutenant-colonel

 £2,600

 £1,100

 Lieutenant with rank of Captain

 £1,500

 £600

 Ensign

 £900

 £900
   

 £6,700

 

Marching Regiments of Foot

 Commissions

 Prices

 Differences in value between the several commissions in succession

Lieutenant-colonel

 £3,500

 £900

Major

 £2,600

 £1,100

 Captain

 £1,500

 £700

 Captain-lieutenant

 £800

 £250

 Lieutenant

 £550

 £150

 Cornet

 £400

 £400
   

 £3,500

1For lists of regiments and their numbers, see Court and City Register, 1775, and Army List, 1775.

2Regiments italicized saw service in America during the Revolution. For data, see Chichester, passim; W.O. 1:890, Estimate of Clothing Tonnage, 25 June, 1776; ibid., 4:273, Barrington to Gage, 1 Aug. 1775; London Gazette, 10 Oct. 1776, and passim; Lamb, Memoir, 110-111; Belcher, I, 339.

3Three companies of the 27th were on the Irish Establishment.

4Col. Wren's regiment of invalids for garrison duty.

5In computing the number of regiments on the Establishment, I have for convenience regarded O'Hara's corps as one regiment.

6The 2d battalion was on the English Establishment.

7The other companies were on the English Establishment.

8W.O. 54:689.

9W.O. 54:689.

10T. Simes, Military Guide, I, 302-304. These regulations were in force in 1775.

11Court and City Register, 1776, p. 270.

12Duncan, History of the R. A., I, 436.

13Simes, Military Guide (1776), I, 347-349.